PANDA (Prospective Assessment in Newborns for Diabetes Autoimmunity)   PANDA began in 1996 as a newborn screening study, identifying newborns at an increased risk for developing type 1 diabetes (T1D) based on the presence of certain genetic markers.    The study has evolved from a newborn program to a genetic screening program for older children and other family members. Qualifying individuals are monitored prospectively and at regular time intervals.  Samples from this cohort are used to investigate the immunopathogenesis of T1D using a variety of approaches including genetics, genomics, proteomics and cellular immunology tools. More recently, PANDA has developed a program that follows patients with T1D, searching for the genetic and protein markers that may help us predict which patients may develop diabetic complications.   High risk subjects may also be enrolled for clinical trials aimed at preventing diabetes or its complications.   TEDDY (The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young)   The TEDDY study is an international consortium designed to find newborns that have been born with an increased risk of developing type 1 diabetes (T1D) at some point during their lives.  The risk is determined by a simple genetic blood test done at birth or within the first few months of life.  Those babies identified at greater risk for T1D based on their genes and/or family history, are given the option to enroll in the long-term follow-up study.    The follow-up study is designed to capture information on all the possible environmental triggers that might cause a child with a high genetic risk to develop T1D.  The goal of the research is to identify these triggers and engineer them into prevention or therapy strategies.
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